The Comprehensive 14 Bedded Transplant Center in Artemis to provide our patients with the best transplant experience possible. Our transplant team includes surgeons, physicians, nurses, social workers, nutritionists, pharmacists, therapists, psychologists, and many other specialists trained in transplantation, who are committed to actively working with our patients through every step of the transplant process.
Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) - Bone marrow transplant (BMT) is the procedure that is used to replace the unhealthy bone marrow with new and healthy bone marrow. Bone marrow is the soft, fatty tissue inside the bones that is responsible for the production of blood cells. There are several medical conditions due to which the bone marrow become dysfunctional and therefore needs to be replaced. Further there are multiple types of Bone Marrow Transplants based on the donor of the bone marrow or stem cells.
Haploidentical Transplant -
- T-Cell Depletion is mandating in haploidentical transplant.
- T-Cell Depletion can be done in two ways: INVIVO (T cell depleted by using high dose of chemotherapy inside the body) or INVITRO T cell depletion (T cell depletion by using a machine outside the body).
Both these modalities have their advantages and disadvantages. Choice depends on a number of patient and donor related factors.
Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) at Artemis Hospitals -
Allogenic bone marrow transplant (BMT) is typically recommended to treat certain medical conditions where the bone marrow is dysfunctional.
• Cancers like leukaemia, myelo-dysplasia etc
• Diseases that affect the production of bone marrow cells like
Aplastic anaemia (acquired or inherited)
Other marrow failure states (ex: congenital neutropenia, amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia etc.)
Sever immunodeficiency syndrome's
Sickle cell anaemia
Thalassemia major
Autologous bone marrow transplant (High dose chemotherapy + autologous stem cell rescue) is recommended to treat where we need to give high dose of chemotherapy to treat underlying disease following which autologous harvested bone marrow is given as rescue. The indications include:
Cancers Like:
Neuroblastoma,
Medulloblastoma,
Wilm's Tumor,
Lymphoma's,
Multiple Myeloma Etc.
It can also be used to treat various autoimmune diseases, the commonest indication being multiple scelerosis.
Bone marrow is a spongy tissue found in the center of bones and is responsible for producing blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
A bone marrow transplant may be necessary for individuals with conditions such as leukemia, lymphoma, or other blood disorders that affect the bone marrow’s ability to function properly.
There are two main types of bone marrow transplants:
- Autologous Bone Marrow Transplant
- Allogenic Bone Marrow Transplant
Autologous bone marrow transplant involves using the patient’s own bone marrow, which is collected and stored prior to receiving high-dose chemotherapy or radiation therapy. After the therapy, the stored bone marrow is returned to the patient to help restore their blood cell production.
Allogenic bone marrow transplant, on the other hand, involves receiving bone marrow from a donor. This type of transplant is typically used for individuals with conditions that cannot be treated with their own bone marrow, such as severe inherited blood disorders or advanced stage cancer.
The bone marrow transplant procedure involves several steps, including:
Preparation: Before the transplant, the patient undergoes a series of tests to determine if they are a suitable candidate for the procedure. This includes a thorough medical evaluation, blood tests, and imaging scans.
Collection of Bone Marrow: The bone marrow can be collected from the patient or from a donor. If the patient is the donor, the bone marrow is collected through a procedure called peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collection.
If the donor is someone other than the patient, the bone marrow is collected through a procedure called a bone marrow harvest.
Conditioning: The patient undergoes high-dose chemotherapy or radiation therapy to destroy any remaining cancer cells or diseased bone marrow. This is known as conditioning.
Transplant: The collected bone marrow is then infused into the patient’s bloodstream, where it travels to the bone and begins to produce new blood cells.
Recovery: After the transplant, the patient will need to stay in the hospital for several days for monitoring and to prevent infection. They will also need to take medications to prevent rejection of the transplanted bone marrow.
Bone marrow transplant is a complex and potentially life-saving procedure, but it also comes with a number of risks and side effects. Some of the most common side effects include infection, bleeding, and organ damage. Additionally, there is a risk of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), which occurs when the transplanted bone marrow attacks the recipient’s body.
